Thursday, May 21, 2020

The Millennium Development Goals Paper - 2073 Words

Tessa Trumbauer, Marissa Vivori, Annaliese Vojnich 4 November 2016 GLOB 3100 E Millennium Development Goals Paper Over 15 years ago, the World Health Organization set a goal to halt and reverse the incidence of tuberculosis. Millennium Development Goal #6 is combat diseases like Malaria, AIDS, and tuberculosis. The international community has worked together using preventative and treatment measures in efforts to reach this goal and eradicating diseases. While tuberculosis is a quickly spreading and multifaceted disease, the goal has had to adapt to the changing nature of the disease. Factors such as education, economics, and technology play important roles in eradicating tuberculosis across the world (Skolnik, 2012). While there is an extremely low prevalence of tuberculosis in developed countries, tuberculosis runs rampant and is harder to reach and combat in poorer and developing countries, particularly sub-saharan Africa and south-east Asia. Tuberculosis is one of the infectious diseases health experts and advocates are working to eliminate. Additionally, they hope to improve health access a nd reduce health disparities to prevent the spread of future infectious disease. Tuberculosis has existed for hundreds of years, taking on many names including â€Å"the White Plague† and â€Å"consumption† before it was named by medical professionals. Many public health efforts, such as improving hygiene, have aided in the reduction of tuberculosis cases worldwide. Treatment efforts andShow MoreRelatedIs The Best Method For Development Sustainable Development Goals?1490 Words   |  6 Pagesto be addressed in this paper pertains to the notion that the best method for development is to set clear, measurable goals such as the Millennium Development Goals. In particular, I will first discuss the arguments supporting and questioning this assertion from a number of authors. I will then consider the question of whether or not this model should be replicated for the next generation of efforts, which are starting to become known as the Sustainable Development Goals. Overall, I will argue thatRead MoreNursing and Millennium Goals1307 Words   |  5 PagesNursing and Millennium Goals This paper looks at UN millennium development goals focus being on the fifth millennium development goal which is improvement of maternal health. This goal is divided into two parts the first part deals with reduction of maternal mortality and the second the second part deals with universal access to reproductive health. The paper elaborates on the importance of improvement of maternal health to the nation. It further highlights on the importance of this goal in theRead MoreIs The Best Method For Development Sustainable Development Goals?855 Words   |  4 Pagesto be addressed in this paper pertains to the notion that the best method for development is to set clear, measurable goals such as the Millennium Development Goals. In particular, I will first discuss the arguments supporting and questioning this assertion from a number of authors. I will then consider the question of whether or not this model should be replicated for the next generation of efforts, which are starting to become known as the Sustainable Development Goals. Overall, I will argue thatRead MoreThe Indian Population are Living in Severy Poverty860 Words   |  3 Pagesauthors revealed that India would attain some of eight goals like reducing extreme poverty and would miss many of others like reducing hunger, reducing infant mort ality rate, achieving environmental sustainability. Indian population living in severe poverty has been diminishing sharply since economic reforms started in 1991. The headcount poverty rate in 2015 would be less than half of the rate in 1990, as called for by the Millennium Development Goals. The proportion of children in India who are continuallyRead MoreThe Millennium Development Goals Been A Success? Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pageswhat extent have the Millennium Development Goals been a success? Student Number: 1546031 Word Count: 1488 Words In the year 2000, at the Millennium Summit of the United Nations every member state of the UN at the time agreed to help in achieving eight goals that targeted areas such as poverty, education, gender equality, disease and more. Each goal had its own specific targets as well as dates for achieving those targets. Since many of the goals expire on December 31Read MoreWhat is sustainability? Essay1470 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The aim of this paper is to try and give an understanding of â€Å"sustainability† to the reader and look into the various ideas surrounding the 3 pillars of a sustainable world. I am going to take you through the 3 topics in question separately before looking into whether or not sustainability is now even possible given the destruction we have already caused to the planet. I will also look into the millennium development goals as set out by the United Nations where in goal 7 they aimed to â€Å"ensureRead MoreThe Millennium Development Goals : A Global Vision For The Future1447 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract On September 8, 2000, the United Nations Millennium Summit concluded with the adoption of the Millennium Declaration as a global vision for the future. In the following years, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) evolved in an effort to save the Declaration from slipping into oblivion. They created a momentum that brought the issue of development back on the international agenda, overcame aid fatigue and galvanized the public. With the MDGs’ expiration date of 2015 fast approaching, theRead MoreApplication Of Social Work At The Millennium Summit768 Words   |  4 PagesAPPLICATION TO SOCIAL WORK In September of 2000 at the Millennium Summit world leaders gathered to adopt the UN Millennium Declaration that focused on changing their nations to reduce extreme poverty by the year 2015. The goals they declared are called the Millennium Development Goals. These goals address income poverty, hunger, disease, lack of adequate shelter, and exclusion. They promote gender-equality, education and environmental sustainability (†¦..). Goals 3, 4 and 5 all address in one way or anotherRead MoreThe Anti Poverty Programs And Activities Of International Non Governmental Organizations840 Words   |  4 Pages My paper will look into the following research question: did the anti-poverty programs and activities of international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) contribute in achieving Goal 1 of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which is to eradicate extreme hunger and poverty, in some South Asian and sub-Saharan African nations? Since NGOs play an active role in eradicating extreme poverty at the local and international level, I chose to look into the anti-poverty programs and strategies implementedRead MoreNigeria s Strong Economic Track Record Burden Of Disease877 Words   |  4 Pages(World Health Organization, 2015). This type of economic growth can reduce poverty, improve standards of living by offering proper education, provide quality healthcare, and repair infrastructure, which will help reduce injuries related deaths. This paper will attempt to explain that despite Nigeria’s strong economic track record their burden of disease is still running rampant, also the re are many leading health indicators that need to be readdressed, and finally the steps Nigeria is taking to combat

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Analysis Of The Film Beasts Of The Southern Wild

The film, Beasts of the Southern Wild, tell the story of a rural community called Bathtub in Southern Louisiana to induce themes of classism and community ties. Behn Zeitlin does a great job reminding us of our connection with each other and the world around us. The Americana aesthetic of the film mirrors our hero’s resiliency in the face of destruction. At stake in this aesthetic and exploration of these politically charged themes is an interpretation on how we can connect to each other across racial, economic, and social divides. Bathtub would appear to be a population in the depths of poverty. To the colorful inhabitants, it’s their sanctuary. Everything that they salvages, built by hand, caught, or grown. Bathtub definitely has its own culture and it is nothing like the city on the other side of the levee. The people that inhabit Bathtub are generations of people that have learned from the previous generations. This is all normal to them. The Bathtub community definitely lives in a collectivistic culture where everyone works together and supports each other (Arnett, 2011). This is apparent during several scenes in the movie. Right after Bathtub floods the community is looking for each other. They finally get together and have a huge feast. They are trying to rebuild their community. They are all opposed to leaving and they resist when they are taken away. They all run away from the shelter and eventually make their way back to Bathtub. In oppositionShow MoreRelatedLiterature Review - Rep resentation of Women in Walt Disney Cartoon Characters.3370 Words   |  14 Pagescompany was reincorporated as Walt Disney Productions in 1929. Cartoon -It has various meanings, based on several very different forms of visual art and illustration. The modern meaning refers to both humorous illustrations in print and animated films Rational: The researcher will look at the most of the female Walt Disney Cartoon Characters .i.e. Princess, Villains, Fairy Godmothers. Reason: Cartoons have always been integral part of every child. They have affected children. Be it negative orRead MoreStereotypes And Stereotypes Of African Americans1909 Words   |  8 Pagesand ‘The Nigger’ in 1915 offered existing stereotypes through a fascinating new medium (Green). During the era of Klu Klux Klan, the stereotypes of the Sambo and Jim Crow evolved into what is know as â€Å"the Savage†. This stereotypes was a wild, uncivilized beast that had to be tamed by the KKK. Fear of the mentally inferior, physically and culturally unevolved, and apelike in appearance (Green) black Savages led to acts of violence, such as lynching, to scare African Americans and keep them controlledRead MoreA Summary On The Children Cheetah 10031 Words   |  41 Pagesits success in the chase, the result of an evolutionary arms race with its prey. Due to this specialisation, however, the cheetah is poorly equipped to defend itself against other large predators, with speed being its main means of defence. In the wild, the cheetah is a prolific breeder, with up to nine cubs in a litter. The majority of cubs do not survive to adulthood, mainly as a result of depredation from other predators. The rate of cub mortality varies from area to area, from 50% to 75%,[11]Read MoreSummary : Tigress 10460 Words   |  42 Pages1758[3] Tigris striatus Severtzov, 1858 Tigris regalis Gray, 1867 The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest cat species, reaching a total body length of up to 3.38 m (11.1 ft) over curves and exceptionally weighing up to 388.7 kg (857 lb) in the wild. Its most recognisable feature is a pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with a lighter underside. The species is classified in the genus Panthera with the lion, leopard, jaguar and snow leopard. 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Concluding the paper we will have a recommendation as to whether or not it will be advisable for a Medical Products, Inc. to engage in South Korean Market. Medical Products, Inc. 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It’s a kind of cost-benefit analysis. Exercises 1. ColumbusRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior 616 623 Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 About the Authors Stephen P. Robbins Education Ph.D. University of Arizona Professional Experience Academic Positions: Professor, San Diego State University, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, University of Baltimore, Concordia University in Montreal, and University of Nebraska at Omaha. Research: Research interests have focused on conflict, power, and politics in organizations, behavioral decision

Gregor Mendel Free Essays

Who was Gregor Mendel? Mendel was a scientist who gained a substantial amount of fame from his study of genetics. He studied the pea plant and its inheritance of certain traits. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Gregor Mendel or any similar topic only for you Order Now What contributions did he make to science? His study of genetics led to an increase interest in the study of genetics. His biggest contribution to the study of science was his discovery of particulate inheritance, dominant and recessive traits, genotype and phenotype, and the concept of heterozygous and homozygous. . Which species did he work with? Mendel worked with the simple pea pod plant in his 8 year science experiment 4. State his 4 hypothesis The first part, or law, states that, â€Å"Alternative versions of genes account for variations in inherited characters. † The second law states that, â€Å"For each character trait, like height, color, texture, etc an organism inherits two genes, one from each parent. The third law declares that, â€Å"If the two alleles differ, then one, the dominant allele, is fully expressed in the organism’s appearance; the other, the recessive allele, has no noticeable effect on the organism’s appearance. † The fourth law states that, â€Å"The two genes for each character segregate during gamete production. † 5. Explain the concept of independent assortment The concept of independent assortment states that the emergence of one trait will not affect the emergence of another. For example, a pea plant’s inheritance of the ability to produce purple flowers instead of white ones does not make it more likely that it would also inherit the ability to produce yellow peas in contrast to green ones. 6. What conditions were overlooked by Mendel? Darwin’s theory that â€Å"if the wide variation observable in cultivated plants were caused by the changed conditions and increased nourishment experienced on being brought into cultivation, then this cause of variation must continue to act. † How to cite Gregor Mendel, Papers

Saturday, April 25, 2020

Lord of Dance

Introduction In Hinduism, there are three major deity figures which are Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva. They are often viewed in the Indian temples and presented with offerings, in the vital form of worship referred to as â€Å"Darshan†1. It requires the worshipper to make eye contact with the deity in order to receive blessings.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Lord of Dance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Today we are looking at the Shiva Nataraja, which is one of three major deities in Hinduism. This paper looks at the relevance of the image of Shiva to the Hindu culture, and the disparity between its presence in a temple and display in a museum of art, away from the culture that identifies with it. Description The sculpture of Shiva Nataraja is displayed at Denver Art Museum. Like other Indian figures, Shiva has a slender frame that is characterized by precision of posture, and sharpness, as well as, its rel ation to dance. Shiva, The King of Dancers, is dancing at the center of a circle of fire that represents the universe surrounded by gods2. The dance is referred to as â€Å"Anandatandwa, and it represents the cosmic cycles â€Å"such as the daily rhythm of life, which entails birth and death†3. The god has his left leg raised across his body, and his right leg firmly on the ground, but bent at the knee. â€Å"Shiva is also holding a flame in his left upper arm, a drum in his right upper arm, and gesticulating with the lower arms†4. The dwarf at the foot appears to be staring at Shiva, who is heavily decorated with jewelry on his neck, wrists, and ankles5. The image of Shiva also has a hole at the bottom to make it easier to carry as shown in figure 2. The image of Shiva, as observed in the museum, is shown in figure 1 at the end of the paper. Background The bronze sculpture of Shiva, the demon god, was first presented to his worshippers in the period between the ninth and thirteenth centuries6. During this time, the Chola ruled over Tamilnadu and other parts of southern India. The Chola kings and queens fostered schools for the design and construction of exceptional bronze sculptures to serve as Hindu gods and goddesses known to them as â€Å"utsavamurtis†7. Initially, the deities could only be viewed by the noble people such as monarchs and priests, but they were later presented to the population for worship8. The design of the sculpture was precise, with the sculptors taking their time to bring out all the details including the â€Å"peak of the flames, the face of the dwarf at the right foot of the Shiva, and the elements defined by each hand†9.Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Elements of the image According to the museum label, this statue of Shiva Nataraja is from the Chola dynasty. 10 Considering the long process involve d in the creation of bronze idols, the Shiva Nataraja is exceptionally beautiful. Its construction was similar to that of making the bronze Buddha. The process is called lost wax casting.11It involves the construction of the first sculpture from clay, which is then dried before heating it in a kiln to remove the wax. After they are certain that all the wax has melted, the clay sculpture is dipped in hot melted bronze. After it has dried, the clay is removed and the bronze sculpture polished. Once the image is ready, a ceremony is performed. This involves carrying the statue onto the street for people to perform a â€Å"Darshan†12. Alternatively, the statue can be displayed in the temple for worshippers to present their offerings in the form flowers or covering it with a white scarf13. Even though the image of Shiva is in a museum instead of a temple, people still take their time to visit the Denver Art Museum to view the image. Viewers sit in front of the image and spend hour s staring at the four armed bronze Shiva dancing as they meditate14. Other people just enjoy the beauty of native art. Viewers are provided with various information about the image including its name as â€Å"God Shiva, Lord of the Dance (Nataraja), its place of origin, (South India, Tamil Nadu), the era in which it was first developed (1100, Chola dynasty), the material used for its construction (bronze), and the gallery in which it is part of (Dora Porter Mason Collection donated in 1947)15. On the image, a Shiva is proposing a dance position in a fire circle. He has multiple hands sticking out from his body and we can clearly see that some of them are holding objects. And Shiva is standing on a baby looking figure, which is the demon-the bad guy. He has a mermaid looking figure in his hair, which decided as the reference of â€Å"Gengi River†.16 This information is presented in figure 3 shown at the end of this paper. The image of Shiva, King of dancers is just under 37 i nches high. It was donated to the Denver Art museum by the Dora Porter Mason Collection in 1947 and received by the then director, Dr. Otto Karl Bach. Dr, Bach had an astute appreciation for Asian art, and remained director for thirty years in the period between 1944 and 197417.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Lord of Dance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Impact of the image The idol of Shiva Nataraja, which was originally found in South India, is currently placed on the fifth floor of the Denver Art Museum. It is the largest image of Shiva that is available on display, which provides its viewers with insight and awe as it portrays the culture of Hinduism. The sculpture has a rich symbolism that portrays the religious elements of south India that serves to â€Å"remind the dutiful Hindu that life is a spiritual process that is eternally subject to change†18. The image has the ability to draw a viewer wit h its multiple arms that seem to be entangled in its body, in addition to the beating drum, which creates the impression of a rhythmic sound signifying change and imbalance of the material world19. The image of Shiva is displayed in the Denver art Museum as part of the Asian art collection along with other images from China, India, Japan, and other parts of south Asia. Most of the art collection was donated by the countries where the art was most valued as a representation of Asian artists and artisans. The images are open for viewing on any day of the week, except Sunday. The placement of the sculpture in a Naudi, as shown in figure 4, was aimed at providing viewers with the impression that the statues are in the temple. 20However, this effect is not achieved since the image of a god is more valuable in a temple where Hindus can make their offerings; something that cannot be achieved in a museum21. By displaying the statue in a museum, art enthusiasts can appreciate the art of vari ous cultures especially the numerous forms of worship that are practiced in Asia. It will also help to expose the Indian culture for scholars to study it. But without the environment, this sculpture lost the meaning to being a bronzed Buddha because they never created mean to be in the museum. They meant to be meditated in the temple, or offered and â€Å"Darshan† on the street in order to achieve the practice and devotion of the Shiva. Conclusion The sculpture of Shiva has a vital religious purpose in Hinduism. The mannerisms of Shiva portray him as rejecting darkness and ignorance in his dance, which Hindus believe to resemble the spray of the sacred River Ganges22. Such implications of the image can only be observed if the image remains with the people in a temple, where the worshippers can relate to it at a spiritual level23.Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This effect cannot be obtained from the image of Shiva in the museum. The Museum has provided an appealing environment (Nauda) for the deity, where it is placed on orange stone, with light coming from the front such that it produces an equally entangled shadow on its background. However, the effect of the sculpture in the museum is not as significant as when it is in a temple. The museum has made an effort to preserve its original purpose though it would be better placed with worshippers in a temple, rather than scholars in a museum. Locking the idol of Shiva in a museum prevents worshipers from presenting their offerings, which are made in front of the deity statues. Keeping the statue in the museum has resulted in the loss of its original meaning, which comprised a street festival, â€Å"Darshan†, and offerings. Images taken from the museum Figure 1: sculpture of Shiva, king of dancers, in Denver Art Museum Figure 2: Showing the hole at the bottom that makes it easy to ca rry Figure 3: Marking provided to identify the sculpture of Shiva Figure 4: The Naudi, which helps to create an atmosphere like the temple Bibliography Anonymous. â€Å"Lord of the dance.† Humanities – ProQuest Central, 2002: 23(6), 52 – 53. Dalal, Roshen. The Essentials of Hinduism. New York: India Abroad Press, 2010. Denver Art Museum. Asian Art. 2012. Web. Maxwell, Robyn. â€Å"Shiva as Lord of the Dance [Nataraja].† Artonview, 2008: 54, 42-43. Footnotes 1 Roshen Dalal, The Essentials of Hinduism, (New York: India Abroad Press, 2010). 2 Roshen Dalal, The Essentials of Hinduism, 2010. 3Anonymous, â€Å"Lord of the dance,† Humanities – ProQuest Central, (2002) 23(6), 52. 4Denver Art Museum, Asian Art, (2012). 5Denver Art Museum, Asian Art, (2012). 6 Anonymous, â€Å"Lord of the dance,† Humanities – ProQuest Central, (2002) 23(6), 53. 7Roshen Dalal, The Essentials of Hinduism 8Anonymous, â€Å"Lord of the dance,† 2002, 23(6), 53. 9Roshen Dalal, The Essentials of Hinduism, 2010. 10 â€Å"Label of lord of Dance†, Denver Art Museum, 2012 11 Sarah Getzelman, Asian Art and the Museum, University of Denver, 2012 12Robyn Maxwell, â€Å"Shiva as Lord of the Dance [Nataraja],† Artonview, (2008): 54, 42. 13Roshen Dalal, The Essentials of Hinduism 14 Denver Art Museum, Asian Art, (2012). 15Denver Art Museum, Asian Art, (2012). 16Sarah Getzelman, Asian Art and Museum, University of Denver. 2012 17Denver Art Museum, Asian Art, (2012). 18Roshen Dalal, The Essentials of Hinduism, (New York: India Abroad Press, 2010). 19 Denver Art Museum, Asian Art, (2012). 20 Denise Tuener, Denver Art Museum speaker, 2012 21 Robyn Maxwell, â€Å"Shiva as Lord of the Dance [Nataraja],† Artonview, (2008): 54, 42. 22 Robyn Maxwell, â€Å"Shiva as Lord of the Dance, 2008: 54, 42. 23 Robyn Maxwell, â€Å"Shiva as Lord of the Dance, 2008: 54, 42. This essay on Lord of Dance was written and submitted by user Abrielle Anthony to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Wednesday, March 18, 2020

Free Essays on 20th Century Cuban Immigration

Cuban Nationalism For several reasons, Cubans have a very strong sense of "Cubanidad," cultural identity. This sense of cultural identity comes partially from a sense of placeCuba as an island has clearly defined boundariesand partially from the homogeneity of language and shared culture. It is a major factor in the relative stability of the revolutionary government in Cuba and in the stability of the Cuban community in the United States. Despite the fact that within the Cuban-American community there is a great deal of political contention, the community forgets its differences in taking care of its own. One of the practical problems service providers face in working with newly-arrived Cubans is that they can function so comfortably within the Spanish-speaking Cuban-American communities: There is little motivation to learn English or move away to areas where there are better jobs. Cuban Immigration to the United States Given the closeness of Cuba to the United Statesboth geographical and, before the 1959 revolution, economicit is no surprise that there has always been movement of people between the countries. The 1910 census showed that there were officially 15,133 Cubans living in the United States, and a report on immigration to Congress at the time included data on 44,211 Cubans. In 1959, an estimated 124,000 Cubans were living in the United States. In the early years of the revolutionary government, an additional 215,000 moved here, and now the Cuban community is well over a million. As we mentioned above, the center of that community is in Miami, but there are sizable communities in other cities in Florida and in New York, Illinois, and California as well. The existence and size of the Cuban community in the United States is a result of both "push" and "pull" factors. The revolutionary government's inflexible attitude toward dissent, and its imperviousness to demands that dissenters make, probably constitute the greatest... Free Essays on 20th Century Cuban Immigration Free Essays on 20th Century Cuban Immigration Cuban Nationalism For several reasons, Cubans have a very strong sense of "Cubanidad," cultural identity. This sense of cultural identity comes partially from a sense of placeCuba as an island has clearly defined boundariesand partially from the homogeneity of language and shared culture. It is a major factor in the relative stability of the revolutionary government in Cuba and in the stability of the Cuban community in the United States. Despite the fact that within the Cuban-American community there is a great deal of political contention, the community forgets its differences in taking care of its own. One of the practical problems service providers face in working with newly-arrived Cubans is that they can function so comfortably within the Spanish-speaking Cuban-American communities: There is little motivation to learn English or move away to areas where there are better jobs. Cuban Immigration to the United States Given the closeness of Cuba to the United Statesboth geographical and, before the 1959 revolution, economicit is no surprise that there has always been movement of people between the countries. The 1910 census showed that there were officially 15,133 Cubans living in the United States, and a report on immigration to Congress at the time included data on 44,211 Cubans. In 1959, an estimated 124,000 Cubans were living in the United States. In the early years of the revolutionary government, an additional 215,000 moved here, and now the Cuban community is well over a million. As we mentioned above, the center of that community is in Miami, but there are sizable communities in other cities in Florida and in New York, Illinois, and California as well. The existence and size of the Cuban community in the United States is a result of both "push" and "pull" factors. The revolutionary government's inflexible attitude toward dissent, and its imperviousness to demands that dissenters make, probably constitute the greatest...

Monday, March 2, 2020

Biography of Lorenzo de Medici

Biography of Lorenzo de' Medici Lorenzo de’ Medici, (January 1, 1449 – April 8, 1492) was a Florentine politician and one of the most prominent patrons of arts and culture in Italy. During his reign as de facto leader of the Florentine Republic, he held together political alliances while sponsoring artists and encouraging the peak of the Italian Renaissance. Fast Facts: Lorenzo de' Medici Known For: Statesman and de facto leader of Florence whose reign coincided with a boom in the Italian Renaissance, thanks largely to his patronage of arts, culture, and philosophy.Also Known As: Lorenzo the Magnificent Born: January 1, 1449 in Florence, Republic of Florence (modern-day Italy)Died: April 8, 1492 at Villa Medici at Careggi, Republic of FlorenceSpouse: Clarice Orsini (m. 1469)Children: Lucrezia Maria Romola (b. 1470), Piero (b. 1472), Maria Maddalena Romola (b. 1473), Giovanni (b. 1475), Luisa (b. 1477), Contessina Antonia Romola (b. 1478), Giuliano (b. 1479); also adopted nephew Giulio di Giuliano de Medici (b. 1478)Quote:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"What I have dreamed in an hour is worth more than what you have done in four.†Ã‚   Medici Heir Lorenzo was a son of the Medici family, who held political power in Florence but also held power by virtue of the Medici Bank, which was the most powerful and respected bank in all of Europe for many years. His grandfather, Cosimo de’ Medici, cemented the family’s role in Florentine politics, while also spending a great deal of his vast fortune on building up the city-state’s public projects and its arts and culture. Lorenzo was one of five children born to Piero di Cosimo de’ Medici and his wife, Lucrezia (nee Tournabuoni). Piero was at the center of Florence’s politics scene and was an art collector, while Lucrezia was a poet in her own right and befriended many philosophers and fellow poets of the era. Because Lorenzo was deemed the most promising of their five children, he was brought up from a young age with the expectation that he would be the next Medici ruler. He was tutored by some of the top thinkers of the day and accomplished some notable achievements- such as winning a jousting tournament- while still a youth. His closest associate was his brother, Giuliano, who was the handsome, charming â€Å"golden boy† to Lorenzo’s plainer, more serious self. The Young Ruler In 1469, when Lorenzo was twenty years old, his father died, leaving Lorenzo to inherit the work of ruling Florence. Technically, the Medici patriarchs did not rule the city-state directly, but instead were statesmen who â€Å"ruled† via threats, financial incentives, and marriage alliances. Lorenzo’s own marriage took place the same year he took over from his father; he married Clarice Orsini, the daughter of a nobleman from another Italian state. The couple went on to have ten children and one adopted son, seven of whom survived to adulthood, including two future popes (Giovanni, the future Leo X, and Giulio, who became Clement VII). From the very beginning, Lorenzo de’ Medici was a major patron of the arts, even more so than others in the Medici dynasty, which always place a high value on the arts. Although Lorenzo himself rarely commissioned work, he often connected artists with other patrons and helped them get commissions. Lorenzo himself was also a poet. Some of his poetry- often concerned with the human condition as a combination of the bright and lovely alongside the melancholy and temporary- survives to this day. Artists who enjoyed Lorenzo’s patronage included some of the most influential names of the Renaissance: Leonardo da Vinci, Sandro Botticelli, and Michelangelo Buonarroti. In fact, Lorenzo and his family even opened their home to Michelangelo for three years while he lived and worked in Florence. Lorenzo also encouraged the development of humanism through the philosophers and scholars in his inner circle, who worked to reconcile the thought of Plato with Christian thought. The Pazzi Conspiracy Because of the Medici monopoly over Florentine life, other powerful families vacillated between alliance and enmity with the Medici. On April 26, 1478, one of those families came close to toppling the Medici reign. The Pazzi conspiracy involved other families, such as the Salviati clan, and was backed by Pope Sixtus IV in an attempt to overthrow the Medici. On that day, Lorenzo was attacked, along with his brother and co-ruler Giuliano, in the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore. Lorenzo was wounded but escaped with minor wounds, in part thanks to the assistance and defense of his friend, the poet Poliziano. Giuliano, however, was not as lucky: he suffered a violent death by stabbing. The response to the attack was swift and harsh, both on the part of the Medici and Florentines themselves. The conspirators were executed, and members of their families were also severely punished. Giuliano left behind an illegitimate son, Giulio, who was adopted and raised by Lorenzo and Clarice. Since the conspirators acted with the blessing of the pope, he attempted to seize Medici assets and excommunicated all of Florence. When that failed to bring Lorenzo around, he tried allying with Naples and launched an invasion. Lorenzo and the citizens of Florence defended their city, but the war took its toll, as some of Florence’s allies failed to come to their aid. Eventually, Lorenzo personally traveled to Naples to forge a diplomatic solution. He also commissioned some of Florence’s best artists to travel to the Vatican and paint new murals in the Sistine Chapel, as a gesture of reconciliation with the pope. Later Rule and Legacy Although his support for culture would ensure his legacy was a positive one, Lorenzo de’ Medici made some unpopular political decisions too. When alum, a hard-to-find but important compound for making glass, textiles, and leather, was discovered in nearby Volterra, the citizens of that city asked Florence for help mining it. However, a dispute soon arose when the citizens of Volterra realized the real value of the resource and wanted it for their own city, rather than the Florentine bankers assisting them. A violent insurrection resulted, and the mercenaries Lorenzo sent to end it sacked the city, permanently marring Lorenzo’s reputation. For the most part, though, Lorenzo attempted to rule peacefully; the cornerstone of his policy was to maintain a balance of power among the Italian city-states and to keep outside European powers out of the peninsula. He even maintained good trading ties with the Ottoman Empire. Despite his efforts, the Medici coffers were drained by their spending and by bad loans their bank supported, so Lorenzo began trying to fill the gaps through misappropriations. He also brought the charismatic friar Savonarola to Florence, who preached about the destructive nature of secular art and philosophy, among other things. The sensationalist friar would, in a few years’ time, help salvage Florence from French invasion, but would also lead to the end of Medici rule. Lorenzo de’ Medici died at the Villa Medici at Careggi, on April 8, 1492, reportedly dying peacefully after hearing the day’s Scripture readings. He was buried in the Church of San Lorenzo, alongside his brother Giuliano. Lorenzo left behind a Florence that would soon overthrow Medici rule- although his son and his nephew would eventually return the Medici to power- but he also left behind a rich and vast legacy of culture that came to define Florence’s place in history. Sources Kent, F.W. Lorenzo de’ Medici and the Art of Magnificence. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 2004.â€Å"Lorenzo de’ Medici: Italian Statesman.† Encyclopaedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lorenzo-de-Medici.Parks, Tim. Medici Money: Banking, Metaphysics, and Art in Fifteenth-Century Florence. New York: W.W. Norton Co., 2008.Unger, Miles J. Magnifico: The Brilliant Life and Violent Times of Lorenzo de’ Medici. Simon Schuster, 2009.

Friday, February 14, 2020

2 tpoic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

2 tpoic - Assignment Example Philippines can be considered as the most westernized country in Asia. It has been colonialized by Spain for 330 years and by United States for few years. So it can be said that the country is very religious and westernize in orientation. The semi-feudal economic and political set up in the Philippines could be ascribed to the Spaniards feudal influences and its inability to become truly independent and to progress during the previous decades was due to its dependency to United States and its extensions, the IMF and WB. For decades, the country has been ruled by its oligarchs where its economic gains are only shared by few. Its political landscape was also marked by political upheavals experiencing three revolutions to depose a president. The country however has one of the highest literacy in the world and also have one of the highest number of English speaking people in the world. Its workers are known to be skilled and many left the country for greener pastures. Some reforms were instituted in the aftermath of the 1997 Asian Crisis which strengthened its economic fundamentals. The growing number of its educated citizens are beginning to demand better governance thus prompting the government to implement economic reforms albeit in a gradual phase. The biggest challenge for the country however was how to stamp out corruption as it had beset the country for decades. Recently, a campaign to clean the government seem to be fruitful as the country are showing gains in economics despite the recent financial recession. In fact, CNN dubbed the country as the most resilient while Bloomberg named Philippines as the fastest growing economy in the world. 1. The three best source that I found that during my exploratory research are from World Bank report, Bloomberg and CNN. These sources are considered best during my exploratory research because they are credible and reliable that relies their report on hard facts and figures than opinion. These